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- Signalment
- Breeds:
- Newfoundland
- German Shepherd
- Boxer
- Golden Retriever
- Rottweiler
- Bull Terriers
- Bouvier de Flanders
- Bernese Mountain Dogs
- And many other breeds
- Age:
- presented as puppies at the time of the first vaccination – an incidental finding
- may present as adults with an incidental murmur
- Inheritance:
- Polygenic or
- Autosomal dominant with gene modifiers
- History:
- Presented for vaccination, the heart murmur is an incidental finding
- Usually asymptomatic
- Syncope, sudden death may occur
- Physical examination:
- Systolic heart murmur with a PMI over the left heart base radiating up the neck, and to the right hemothorax
- The femoral arterial pulse may be weak
- Signs of heart failure are rare
- Dysrhythmias with pulse deficits may be noted
- At times the PMI for this disorder is over the right heart base